SQL logical operators are used to combine or modify conditions. The most common logical operators are AND, OR, and NOT. AND requires multiple conditions to be true, OR requires at least one condition to be true, and NOT reverses a condition. Logical operators are frequently used with WHERE and HAVING clauses.
Business questions often contain multiple conditions. Logical operators allow analysts to translate those requirements into precise SQL filters.
A manager may want employees who work in Finance and earn more than ₹75,000, or employees who work in HR. Logical operators can combine these requirements.
SELECT
EmployeeName,
Department,
Salary
FROM Employees
WHERE
(Department = 'Finance' AND Salary > 75000)
OR Department = 'HR';Logical operators are used in customer segmentation, employee filtering, transaction monitoring, financial analysis, compliance checks, sales analysis, and business reporting.
- AND requires all specified conditions to be true.
- OR requires at least one condition to be true.
- NOT reverses a condition.
- Logical operators are commonly used with WHERE.
- Parentheses can clarify complex logical conditions.
What are the main SQL logical operators?
The main logical operators are AND, OR, and NOT.
Why are parentheses useful with logical operators?
Parentheses make the intended evaluation order clear when multiple AND and OR conditions are combined.